Best practices in project quality management/leadership for information technology Essay

The vast majority essentially acknowledge low quality from numerous data innovation (IT) items. So consider the possibility that ones PC crashes two or three times each week. Simply guarantee there is back up for information. So imagine a scenario in which one can't sign in to the business intranet or the web at this moment. Simply endeavor a little later when it is less occupied. So imagine a scenario where the most recent form of word-handling programming was transported with a few bugs. One may like the software’s new highlights, and all new programming has bugs. Is quality a genuine issue with data innovation ventures? Truly, it is! IT isn't only an extravagance accessible in certain workplaces, homes, or schools. Firms all through the world furnish representatives with access to PCs. Most of individuals in the US utilize the web, and utilization in different nations keeps on extending quickly. It took just six years for 60 million individuals to utilize the web contrasted with 20 years for 60 million to utilize PDAs (Kathy, 2008, p. 292). Numerous issues of individual as well as gathering lives rely upon great IT items. Food is created and disseminated with the assistance of PCs; vehicles have PC chips to screen execution; understudies use PCs to help them learn in school; associations rely upon innovation for some, business capacities; and a great many individuals rely upon innovation for diversion and individual correspondences (Kathy, 2008). Numerous IT anticipates create strategic frameworks that are used throughout everyday life and-demise conditions. For example, route frameworks on airplane and PC segments incorporated with clinical gear. Money related establishments and their customers likewise rely upon top notch data frameworks. Customers get extremely furious when frameworks present incorrect information or show data to unapproved individuals that could result to wholesale fraud. At the point when any of these frameworks falls flat, it is considerably more than a negligible bother (Taguchi, 2004). 1. 1 Definitions Before one can improve its nature ventures, it is a great idea to comprehend the essential ideas of undertaking quality administration. For sure, it is difficult to characterize venture quality administration. As indicated by the global association for normalization (ISO) quality can be characterized as the totality of highlights of an association that bear on its capacity to fulfill expressed or suggested necessities (Kathy, 2008). It can likewise be characterized as the degree to which a lot of intrinsic highlights satisfies needs (ISO9000). Different experts characterize quality dependent on adherence to requirements and readiness for use. Adherence to needs implies project’s items and procedures meet set down particulars. Qualification for use suggests an item can be utilized as it was proposed. The motivation behind venture quality administration is to ensure that the task will satisfy the necessities for which it was attempted. Task the executives includes among others things meeting or outperforming partner necessities and expectations. The venture bunch must start great associations with center partners, particularly the essential customer for the task, to understand what quality suggests to them. Numerous specialized activities come up short on the grounds that the venture the board bunch points just at meeting the composed necessities for the task (Juran and Frank, 2002). Quality, in this way, must be on an equivalent premise with venture extension, cost, and time. On the off chance that the project’s partners are disappointed with the nature of the task the board or the finished results of the undertaking, the administration gathering will require modifying time, cost, and extension to satisfy partner needs. In which case meeting just reported necessities for time, cost, and degree isn't adequate. To achieve partner satisfaction, the undertaking bunch must think of a decent working relationship with all partners and understand their suggested or expressed prerequisites. Best practices: throughout the years, associations have gotten hypnotized with the term-best practice-however after proceeded with use, specialists started examining the articulation and now better definitions exist. A best practice begins just with a thought. Realizing that there is a procedure, apparatus, movement, or technique that can convey results viably than some other strategy and furnishes one with the ideal outcomes with less obstructions and unsurprising complexities is a welcome. Accordingly, one evidently winds up with a productive method of finishing an undertaking by utilization of a repeatable technique that possesses stood the trial of energy for a serious huge number of IT anticipates (Kathy, 2008). As venture quality administration developed, so did the implications of best practices. A few meanings of best practices are confused while others are by one way or another basic. However, the two of them address a similar point of empowering venture quality administration all through the association. Firms must choose the profundity and degree of their accepted procedures. Must it be at significant level and conventional or at a low level and nitty gritty? A conventional best practice may not achieve the ideal efficiencies though a nitty gritty one might not have boundless relevance. Essentially, any firm can choose to have own meaning of best practices and there may even be organization quality necessities on the meaning of such accepted procedures. For instance, a best practice can be characterized as something that: works, functions admirably, functions admirably on a redundant premise, prompts an upper hand, can be distinguished in journey to improve business, and keeps the firm from issues. 1. 2 Principles Generally, there are 3 fundamental standards/procedures of venture quality administration: 1. 2. 1 Planning quality Planning for quality includes distinguishing which quality measures are applicable to the undertaking and how to satisfy those guidelines. Incorporating quality measures into venture configuration is a center segment of value arranging. For an IT anticipate, quality measures incorporate empowering framework development, arranging an extensive reaction time, or ensuring that the framework produces precise and predictable data. The center yields of value arranging are a quality administration plan, quality measurements, quality agendas, a procedure improvement plan, and task archive refreshes. 1. 2. 2 Performing quality affirmation Performing quality confirmation incorporates periodical assessment of the entire undertaking execution to ensure that the venture will satisfy the ideal quality guidelines. The procedure includes accepting jobs of value in the whole undertaking life cycle. Senior administration must start to lead the pack in accentuating the jobs all representatives play in quality confirmation. The center yields of this procedure are authoritative procedure resource, venture the executives, venture archive, and change demands refreshes (Kathy, 2008). 1. 2. 3 Performing quality control Performing quality control includes checking explicit task results to ensure that they hold fast to the ideal quality necessities while recognizing techniques to upgrade extreme quality. This procedure is generally connected to the specialized methods and instruments of value the board, for example, quality control graphs, measurable examining, and Pareto diagrams. The principle yields of value control incorporate quality control estimations, approved expectations, change demands, approved changes, authoritative procedure resource refreshes, venture the board plan, and task record refreshes (Kathy, 2008). This examination looks to: †¢ Incorporate the prescribed procedures in venture quality administration with quality authority/cooperation inside a quality centered organization, †¢ Evaluate the noteworthiness of undertaking quality administration for IT items and administrations, †¢ Understand the strategies and apparatuses for quality control, and †¢ Describe how initiative model identify with upgrading quality in data innovation ventures. 2. 0 Review of Literature In his book on quality control, Juran (2002) focused on the noteworthiness of top administration promise to persistent item quality improvement. In 2000, Juran distributed the fifth version of his renowned book. In the two writings, Juran created and based upon a set of three including quality improvement, quality control, and quality arranging. Juran stressed the distinction between the manufacturer’s perspective on quality and the client’s see. He saw that manufacturer’s concentrated on adherence to prerequisites, however client’s concentrated on qualification for use. In this book, Juran created 10 phases to quality improvement. These incorporate; building consciousness of the need and chance for development, set objectives for upgrades, compose to arrive at the objectives, give preparing, complete tasks to take care of issues, report progress, give acknowledgment, impart results, keep appraisals, and keep up force by setting up yearly improvement part of the standard frameworks and procedures of the economy. Crosby (1979) composed Quality Is Free and is most popular for recommending that organizations battle for zero imperfections. He focused on that the expenses of low quality must incorporate all expenses of not accomplishing the work right the first run through, for example, improve, scrap, squandered worker hours and machine hours, client hostility and squandered deals, and guarantee costs. Crosby recommended that the expense of low quality is abused to the point that organizations can gainfully spend boundless measures of cash on improving quality. Like Juran, Crosby created 14 phases for quality improvement; these incorporate creation it clear that administration is focused on quality, sorting out quality control groups with agents from each segment, setting up where current and potential quality issues lie, assessing the expense of value and clarifying its utilization as an administration instrument, raising the quality mindfulness and individual worry everything being equal, take activities to address issues distinguished through past advances, building up an advisory group for the zero imperfections program, preparing managers to effectively do their piece of the quality improvement program, holding a-zero deformities day-to permit all workers understand that there has been a change, urging people to set up progress objectives for themselves a

Corporations Law Preliminary Issues

Question: Examine about theCorporations Lawfor Preliminary Issues. Answer: Presentation Dr Dawes, Mr Foster, Mr Huckenfusser and Mrs Duck subsequent to having managed certain portions of MMM later on auctions them off after accepting some imperative data of the equivalent from the interior wellsprings of GML and furthermore earned benefits in the managing. They would not have been qualified for these benefits had they not got the data from GML. From that point, some of them have gotten at risk under the common punishments as cherished in the Corporation Act. Fundamental Issues There are a few breaks of laws in the given circumstance. There are a few people who have abused the data that they got from GML. However there are other people who have exchanged the portions of MMM to infer individual gains and advantages out of the data that they got. Despite the fact that there may be some a result of whom no disservice was caused to the organization all in all however it ought to be noticed that if the minutes of the gatherings of GML would not have been accessible to them, they would not have picked up these benefits[1]. Hence, the issues that emerge in this issue might be plot as follows: Regardless of whether Dr Dawes has brought about a risk under the Corporations Act for the advantages that he has drawn due to the ventures made by his better half in the supplies of MMM? Regardless of whether Mr Foster has acquired any risk for having managed in insider exchanging and making his new organization QECG purchase portions of MMM and in this manner become subject for indictment? Regardless of whether any misappropriation of position has been made by Mr Huckenfusser and whether the individual picks up that he has determined have made him obligated for indictment against him? Regardless of whether there is any risk of Mrs Duck and on the off chance that anything incorrectly has been finished by her in putting resources into the portions of MMM on getting data about the up and coming benefits from Mr Huckenfusser? The realities in the issue are obviously characteristic of the way that a portion of the individuals as recognized above are executives while others are pseudo chiefs and some are even straightforward workers of the organization. In this manner, all can't be managed under the arrangements of chief is impossible here. Subsequently all the issues must be examined freely in this issue. There may be a few people who are at risk for common punishments while there may be other people who have been an assistant in the issue and have in actuality not negated any law[2]. Every one of these issues will be indisputably decided in the wake of making an examination of the arrangements of Corporations Law and making a note of the penetrated arrangements of the law. Potential Breaches of the Corporations Law So as to effectively achieve a suit against an executive or official of an organization, certain fundamental things should be demonstrated under Section 183 of the Corporations Act. These are: That at the important time, the individual against whom the suit is being organized was an official of the organization under total authority[3]; That the supposed individual legitimately obtained the data himself; That he could acquire the data as a result of his situation as a chief or official of the organization and had he not been in that position, he would not have gotten the data; That the individual affirmed utilized the data that he received[4]; That the inappropriate use being referred to was made straightforwardly by him with the goal that he could pick up something for himself in the issue; A similar data that he has utilized could likewise have been utilized by him to make some mischief or disadvantage the company[5]. Dr Dawes in the given occasion got the data about the potential advantages of contributing the supplies of MMM in light of the fact that he was getting a charge out of the situation of a chief of the organization and was likewise an individual from the directorial meeting. He had given an unmistakable sign to the organization that he was announced ruined and was not left with any benefits. Along these lines, it very well may be said that no material realities were covered from the organization by Dr Dawes. After securing data about the portions of MMM, he prompted his significant other to make an interest in the offers. He likewise came to think about the conceivable fall in the costs of the offers in view of his position and in this manner requested that his better half auction the offers that she had purchased. A decent measure of profits were gotten by her by method of this exchange. It ought to be noticed that however benefits were determined by Dr Dawes in the issue, no inconven ience was caused to the organization in light of his activities. All that Dr Dawes did was he put his cash in the supplies of the organization and his better half inferred benefits out of it. It ought to likewise be noticed that Section 183 gets appropriate just in those conditions when advantages are inferred by an executive or an officer[6]. In any case, on account of his indebtedness, Dr Dawes was not qualified to turn into an executive and to clutch his directorship, no authorization was taken from ASIC as well[7]. Along these lines, it very well may be said in this issue Dr Dawes isn't obligated to get any thoughtful punishments in the issue. Mr Foster was a previous chief of the organization and he obtained the data of the loads of MMM as a result of his position. He from that point left GML and joined QECG as an executive and utilized the data he picked up in GML for the benefit of QECG. He exhorted the Board in QECG to put resources into the portions of MMM and when he did this, he was not related with GML at all. Be that as it may, it can't be denied that the data that was gotten by him was simply because of his invaluable position and had he not been available in the gathering, he would have not thought about it[8]. Along these lines, there is no uncertainty over the way that he utilized his position and abused the accumulated data there[9]. There was no choice in the hands of QECG to think about the stock valued had Mr Foster not enlightened them regarding it. There is sign of abuse of data and however disadvantage was not caused to GML in the issue, yet the activities of Mr Foster have made him subject for insider exchanging. Thus, thoughtful liabilities have been brought about by him in this circumstance. Mr Huckenfusser is in the situation of a worker in GML and is neither an official nor a chief there. In view of his work profile, he accumulated the data about the stock costs of MMM and gave this snippet of data to an untouchable Mrs Duck. This data was let out just with expectation to increase individual bit of leeway and to set off his obligations in the issue. Mrs Duck has no activity or obligation in this since that whole she did was she looked for from some free budgetary exhortation from her sibling in-law[10]. In any case, it is important here that Mr Huckenfusser prevailing with regards to giving this data due to his position and this is a penetrate of trustee obligations that have been given to him. Subsequently, it very well may be said that however Mrs Duck isn't at risk in the issue, Mr Huckenfusser is. Resistances Dr Dawes acted genuinely in the issue and however he increased money related preferred position his liquidation was known to GML. In spite of the fact that specific arrangements of law have been repudiated by him, he isn't liable under law and can guarantee resistance under Section 1317S[11]. Mr Foster in the issue has no accessible cures and he can just express that GML didn't cause any misfortunes on account of his activities. In any case, this is definitely not a substantial resistance and there should be a free procedural examination taken up by ASIC in the matter[12]. Mrs Duck has all out insusceptibility in the issue since she isn't in relationship with GML[13]. She just accepted budgetary venture counsel in the issue in supreme great confidence. In light of the exhortation she acquired, she acted and thus she has not penetrated any law or arrangements of the Corporations Act[14]. Cures There are sure affable cures in the issue. As and when a penetrate of obligation is demonstrated, the Courts can pick on any of the accompanying cures: For negation of the law, a financial punishment adding up to $200,000 might be forced; The denounced might be approached to pay remuneration for harms under Section 1317E of the Corporations Act as a common punishment; The executives may likewise confront preclusion in the issue from the administration of other companies[15]. End In this way, in this issue, it tends to be finished up saying that there are sure individuals who have stranded the arrangements in the issue yet there are additionally some who have not made a penetrate under Section 183 of the Corporations Act. Subsequently, polite punishments can be forced in the issue. Yet, it ought to be noticed that procedural procedure must be freely taken up in the issue by ASIC before any break is announced in the issue. References Australian Securities Investments Commission v DB Management Pty Ltd[2000] HCA p.7. Australian Securities and Investments Commission v Lanepoint Enterprises Pty Ltd (Receivers and Managers Appointed)[2011] HCA p.18. Boral Besser Masonry Ltd v Australian Competition and Consumer Commission [2003] HCA p.5. Braun, D., Oehmichen, J., Wolff, M. what's more, Yoshikawa, T. (2014). At the point when Elites Forget Their Duties: The Double-Edged Sword of Star Directors on Boards.Academy of Management Proceedings, 2014(1), pp.10613-10613. Chapman, G. (2005).Report on Australian Accounting Standards postponed in consistence with the Corporations Act 2001 on 30 August and 16 November 2004. Canberra: Commonwealth of Australia. Google Inc. v Australian Competition and Consumer Commission[2013] HCA p.1. Hackner, D. (2010). Going on Rounds: May's ICU Director Contributions.ICU Director, 1(3), pp.135-136. Keay, A. (2014). The Public Enforcement of Directors' Duties: A Normative Inquiry. Custom-based Law World Review, 43(2), pp.89-119. Lichtenberg, J. (2010). Negative Duties, Positive Duties, and the New Harms.Ethics, 120(3), pp.557-578. Lim, E. (2013). Chiefs' obligations: ill-advised purposes or inferred terms?.Leg Stud (Soc Leg Scholars), 34(3), pp.395-418. Woods v W Cook Builders Pty Ltd (in liquidation)[2008] HCA p.27. Mamutse, B. (2014). Chiefs Duties.The Law Teacher, 48(3), pp.376-

Crocs Inc. Case Analysis - An Example Paper

Crocs Inc. Case Analysis - An Example Paper Crocs Inc. Case Analysis An Example Paper Internal Consistency The Crocs Company offers share-based compensation plans in which certain officers, employees and Board of Director members are participants, and may be granted stock options, restricted stock and stock performance awards. Awards granted under these plans are fair valued and amortized, net of estimated forfeitures, over the vesting period using the method of straight-line. The option of stock’s fair value is calculated by using the pricing model of Black Scholes that requires estimates for expected volatility, expected dividends, the interest rate that is free of risks and the term of the option. If there is employment of any of the Black Scholes model assumptions, or the anticipated number of shares to be awarded change significantly, compensation expense based on shares my in the future differ materially from the one that has presently been recorded. Share-based compensation expense associated with our manufacturing and retail employees is part of the sales costs within the consolidated operations statement. Share-based compensation expense associated with selling, marketing and administrative employees includes selling, not only the general, but administrative expenses as well, on the operations consolidated statements. Sustainable Earning Model Based on Historical Averages In working this, there are different chosen companies that in a way can be compared to the results that are under the armour to reflect some similar characteristics as that of crocs inc. with relation to industry, operations and financial returns of these organizations. The multiples that have been used are price versus earning, price versus sales, and price versus Book equity value. The target valuation for the company is in the light. Crocs In this case has been calculated with the basis of issues like the company income statement and the balance sheet that the company has provided as exhibits. All the numbers that have been used in the information herewith are from the Crocs recent financial statements. The calculated value that has been targeted in the list is thus as shown herewith: Actual Bond RatioEven the paper has a favourable selection of the company A under the armour as the best comparable; it still retains that in order to use their high octane growth as a yardstick to shed enough light on Crocs valuation. The model of business that are followed in this case are completely different, at the same time, both of them have resulted into a fad hit with respect to their consumers and display traits which are the same as that of Crocs. Year 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Infinite ROE 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 r=10 0.1267 0.1267 0.1267 0.1267 0.1267 0.1267 Abnormal ROE 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10   1.1 1.21 1.33 1.46 1.61 1.61 1 0.09 0.09 0.08 0.07 0.06 0.66               DAROE 2.05 As observed from the table above, Crocs has definitely shown a growth in the equity and a wide range of valuation from a low of 71.78 which is based on an expected book value of$669.77 that is also in the same year based on the organizations earnings. The rate of increased valuation in this sense can be marked all the way from the recognizable sales growth which was experience in the year 2013 and the year’s previously. There is also an anticipation of the same growth as the years grow by. In fact, when looking at the table above, one can easily foretell what can happen when there is a fair value, in which the Crocs Company will be valued at a less $71. This will be at a discount of a much higher percentage than the required will also definitely affect the market of the whole company. As been discovered in the above analysis, all the creditors in the case and other well-known capital providers are going to benefit highly with the growth that is envisaged above is going to take shape, however they must be able to cover all the risk that is involved in doing so. The real market value of equity is also one that provides clues which are the stock that is selling on top of its basic value. For example an average equity value of 62% will be almost very close to that of the current market that is traded under a value of say 67%. Recommendation The act of valuation in this case is very vital in providing a greater insight into what should be calculated as the value of the Crocs Company in comparison to the other companies. However, this can also lead to a false forecast because of the priority one gives to the accounting alternatives that are at hand. To add on this, it will not make sense if we should compare Crocs. To Crocs, since the organizations derive its growth from a smaller investment to a much larger one, in the same sense, if the company was seen as making good returns in the past cannot be a reflection of what it can grow to in future. The impact of these factors can be seen in the dividend pay-out, the discount rates and the growth. The challenge that remains thus is whether Crocs will be able to sustain its growth in future. One of the easiest way to determine this would be to adjust the risk and the time taken to built that risk. In this sense, the company will have to put the value of equity to be equal to the firm’s value less the value of the debt in discussion. In order for us to thus find the value of Crocs, the numbers that are forecasted in the table above will be plugged into a template and ensure that accurate entries are entered into from the balance sheet and income statement of the organization.

Negative Effects of Imperialism - 1321 Words

The Dark Side of Imperialism Imagine for a moment that you are a fourteen-year old boy and belong to the Ibo tribe in Nigeria, Africa. Your father is a yam farmer and holds an important tribal position in your clan. Your mother is one of five wives to your father, all of whom treat him with respect and serve his every need. You are content with your life and your future looks promising. Your days consist of aiding your father in farming his crops and learning the culture and traditions of your tribe. Then, suddenly, the Europeans come and everything starts to fall apart. At first they seem kind and only want to help those in need and share their religion. Overtime, however, they strip you of all your beliefs and make you change your†¦show more content†¦Although the Africans were the ones who the government was affecting, they had no control over how it was run. Government and the way in which conflicts are dealt play a large role in the culture of a country and when the gov ernment and justice system were taken away from the natives, a large part of culture was also destroyed. The novel Things Fall Apart by Chineau Achebe shows first hand how the imperialists forced themselves upon the Africans and how it hurt the villagers. Okonkwo, the main characters in the book, was a strong man who held important tribal positions. Okonkwo was exiled for seven years due to a crime he committed and during that time the European imperialists came into his home village and began to alter the tribes way of life. When Okonkwo came back he saw that many great and powerful leaders had converted to Christianity and left the villagers with no leader, causing the tribe to fall apart (Achebe). Also, the new laws the white men came with were enforced and many people were killed because they disobeyed them. When Okonkwo had finally seen enough, he led a rebellion with a handful of villagers. During the revolt, Okonkwo killed a European ambassador and ended up hanging himself. H e did this because he felt suicide was less painful than enduring the punishments that would be inflicted upon him by the Europeans. His death symbolized the destruction of the tribe. Okonkwo was a stubborn and courageous leader and if the Europeans couldShow MoreRelatedThe Negative Effects Of Imperialism884 Words   |  4 PagesImperialism. Noun. A policy of extending a country’s power and influence through diplomacy or military force. Imperialism is an age-old practice in which powerful countries will engulf or take over smaller weaker countries to expand their empire. New imperialism has the same idea, but it would have started in the 1870’s and the motive to continue this practice was heavily economic. 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Nonviolent Drug Offenders During The United States

As the amount of nonviolent drug offenders increases, so does the amount of prisoners in jail. With only 5 percent of the world’s population, the United States has 25 percent of the world’s total prison population. Between 1980 and 2013, the amount of people in federal prison for drug offenses has increased from 4,749 to 100,026, and the total federal prison population as increased almost 790 percent. To manage the sharp increase in the inmate population in recent years, the bureau that manages the federal prisons has resorted to putting two or three bunks in a cell, and converting recreational spaces into sleeping quarters. As the prisons become increasingly overcrowded, it hinders correction officers’ ability to do there job and ensure that inmates are kept nonviolent and facilities are in safe conditions. Without the proper supervision of law enforcement, prisons become extremely dangerous for both inmates and officers. And as the number of inmates rises, so d oes the cost to house all of them. According to the National Institute of Justice, the cost of building a prison ranges from $60,000 to $75,000 per inmate, with the average prison’s operating cost being about $60 per day per inmate. Where does this money to house prisoners come from you may ask? The answer is simple: the federal budget, which is largely funded by you, the average taxpayer. Along with the issue of increasing prison-housing costs, the rehabilitation programs available to inmates are usually the firstShow MoreRelatedDrug Abuse And The United States1645 Words   |  7 PagesIn 1971, Richard Nixon launched the war on drugs stating, â€Å"America’s public enemy number one in the United States is drug abuse. In order to fight and defeat this enemy, it is necessary to wage a new, all out offensive† (Sharp, 1994). Since this war was declared 45 years ago the prison population has risen dramatically and has cost tax payers a substantial amount of money, with no end in sight. Nearly sixty five percent of the 2.3 million U.S. prisoners meet the criteria for substance abuse or addictionRead MoreIt s Time For Re Think Mandatory Minimums1607 Words   |  7 PagesIt’s Time to Re-think Mandatory Minimums During the mid-1980’s an epidemic of cocaine and crack swept the nation leaving many wondering what could be done to eliminate this problem that reached everywhere from small town middle America to the larger metropolitan areas. It has always been the common acceptance that by putting more offenders in jail, crime statistics will decrease. This belief led congress to enact the anti-drug abuse act of 1986. At first, it was believed that this seemed to workRead MoreThe Incarceration Rate Of The United States1543 Words   |  7 Pagesfreedom and opportunity. As the Pledge of Allegiance states, â€Å"One nation under God, Indivisible, with liberty and justice for all.† However, under the current criminal justice system, more and more people lose their liberties because of the crimes they have committed. According to Roy Walmsley, a consultant of the United Nations and Associate of the International Center for prison studies, â€Å"In October 2013, the incarceration rate o f the United States of America was the highest in the world, at 716 perRead MoreThe Incarceration Rate Of The United States1370 Words   |  6 Pagesfreedom and opportunity. As the Pledge of Allegiance states, â€Å"One nation under God, Indivisible, with liberty and justice for all.† However, under the current criminal justice system, more and more people lose their liberties because of the crimes they have committed. According to Roy Walmsley, a consultant of the United Nations and Associate of the International Center for prison studies, â€Å"In October 2013, the incarceration rate of the United States of America was the highest in the world, at 716 perRead MoreMass Incarceration Is Defined As The Imprisonment Of A Large Amount Of People1439 Words   |  6 Pagesprison revenue. The United States incarcerates more people, per capita, than any other nation in the entire world. State and local prisons and jails account for about 80% of incarcerations. Although crime rates have decreased since the 1990s, incarceration rates have soared. According to a recent Prison Policy Initiative publication, approximately 2.3 million people are currently â€Å"locked up† in the United States. Of these 2.3 million people, 1 in 5 are locked up for a drug related offense. StatisticsRead MoreIncarceration Within The Federal Bureau Of Prisons1195 Words   |  5 Pagesdifferent type of ethnicity. Billions of dollars have spent to house offenders and to maintain their everyday life from rehabilitation programs, academic education, vocational training, substance abuse programs and medical care. The cost of incarceration climbs according to the level of security based on violent and non-violent crimes. Fewer staff is required in minimum and medium-security prisons that hous e low-level offenders. Incarceration is likely to serves as one indicator of other co-occurringRead MoreShould We Fight The War On Drugs?1678 Words   |  7 PagesThe selling or use of drugs is looked upon as a victimless crime which is why many believe that the government should not intervene to cut back on the large amount of money spent to fight the war on drugs. They may argue that decriminalization of drugs would reduce harm, crime and be beneficial with taxation. What many fail to realize is that the legalization of all drugs will only increase child abuse, increase funding for medical help and crimes that people are unaware is caused by substance abuseRead MoreMandatory Minimum Sentencing On Violent Crimes Essay1492 Words   |  6 Pagesrepeat offenders are playing a huge roll in this growth. Mandatory minimum sentences, first established in Connecticut in 1969 and expanded throughout the 1980s and 1990s, exemplify a shift in public policy to impose a specific amount of imp risonment based on the crime committed and the defendant’s criminal history, and away from other individual offender characteristics and circumstances. A mandatory minimum sentence requires a judge to impose a statutorily fixed sentence on individual offenders convictedRead MoreThe Maryland Second Chance Act1163 Words   |  5 PagesDirector – State of Maryland Commission on Civil Rights; Meg Ward, Executive Director – Patrick Allison House From: Rachel Harman, Social Work Intern Date: February 15, 2017 Subject: Here’s to Second Chances: Extend the Maryland Second Chance Act to Housing, Not Just Employment The 2015 Maryland Second Chance Act: â€Å"For Employers Only† The Maryland Second Chance Act is a relatively new piece of legislation that authorizes persons to petition the courts to â€Å"shield† conviction records for nonviolent misdemeanorsRead MoreShould Mandatory Minimum Sentencing Be Legal?3705 Words   |  15 Pagessentencing would create situations similar to that of playing roulette in the sense that offenders will view it as the luck of the draw. In turn, prosecutors could use this as an advantage to encourage cooperation during the investigative and conviction process. A significant issue in deciphering the necessity of mandatory sentencing is whether society has the ability to rehabilitate the offender. Repeat offenders have a tendency to revert to a life of crime when they are denied gainful employment

Extracurricular Activities And Children With Intellectual...

In the article entitled Extracurricular activities and the development of social skills in children with intellectual and specific learning disabilities the authors begin to explain why children with intellectual and specific learning disabilities social skills are absent. According to Brooks, Floyd, Robins, and Chan, â€Å"participation in social activities is positively related to children’s social adjustment, but little is known about the benefits of activity participation for children with intellectual and specific disabilities† (2015, p. 678). Children typically become aware of how to interact with other children through Albert Bandura’s social learning theory. Bandura’s theory is a behavioral worldview that emphasizes that people learn by†¦show more content†¦680). The Second hypothesis states that â€Å"given their greater need for improving social competence, we predicted that participation in out-of-school activities would have a greater impact on predicting social competence for children with intellectual disability or a specific learning disability than for an age-matched typically developing comparison group† (Brooks, Floyd, Robins, and Chan, 2015, p. 680). Families living in the southeastern USA in rural and urban communities were taken from public schools for testing. The sample consisted of 117 students, 75 boys and 42 girls, between the ages of eight and eleven years old. The mean age of the sample was 9.44 and the standard deviation was 1.05. The students were categorized into three different groups, the learning disability, intellectual disability, and the typically developing students. The learning disability group contains 53 students who are enrolled in services for specific learning disability and school Individual Education Programs. The intellectual disability group contained 40 students who’s IQ scores were between 40 and 70. The typically developing group consisted of 24 students who s how no signs of intellectual disability, psycho-emotional disorder, specific learning disabilities or physical disorder. Children with siblings who have disorders and children enrolled in higher education courses were excluded from the study. The families who were involved in this studyShow MoreRelatedPublic School Vs. Public Schools929 Words   |  4 Pagesaverage students in a general education classroom, who learn and work at a typical academic pace, introducing the common core and state standards within twelve years. The fact of the matter is that the previous reference to â€Å"school† leaves out 13% of children who attend public school in the United States. If there are 15.1 million students who attend public schools then that is leaving out approximately 1,063,000 students! There are actually quite a few students who attend public school but also haveRead MoreEssay about Full Inclusion in US Classrooms766 Words   |  4 PagesPeople with disabilities have long suffe red from discrimination and segregation. In the 1880, people with hearing, visual, physical, mental or emotional impairments were sent to be educated in residential institutions or asylums. (Issues about Change) Parents and family of those with disabilities put pressure on our government and legislation to develop and provide equal access to education by way of mainstreaming or special education. Section 504 of Public Law 93-112 passed in 1973 had far reachingRead MoreReflection Of A Special Education Classroom1382 Words   |  6 PagesIn the beginning of June I had to decide on a school to observe. Before I was approved to observe a Special education classroom, I was not sure what kind of teachers or children I would encounter. On June 8, 2015 through June 10, 2015 I conducted my Special education observation at one of my neighborhood schools. Once I walked into Langston Hughes Elementary school, I felt welcomed and excited at the same time. I had an option to pick between four different classrooms, but when I met Mrs. BellRead MoreThe Education Of Special Needs3725 Words   |  15 PagesR. Gregory Liberty University Abstract Education is important to all children, but teaching children with special needs entails the educator to examine and assess the social, behavior, intellectual and academic deficits of the student and devise an instructional plan that will support their excellence in these areas. Teaching in a classroom with children who have disabilities pertains to various teaching methods that insist the teacher individualize lessons to achieve academicRead MoreEffects of Interscholastic Sports on Academic Achievement3231 Words   |  13 Pagesaccount of humans engaged in learning may well be the story of Adam and Eve, the origins of team sports are virtually unknown. Perhaps, team sport pre-dates the origins of the Olympic Games in ancient Greece. The arguments among educators, however, concerning the relevance of team sports to academic achievement may be equally as ancient. In Platos foundational document of western philosophy, Republic, sport serves the educational objectives of personal virtue and intellectual achievement. The philosopherRead MoreMy Best Athlete, Musician, Songwriter, And Ceo Of Fizzle Co.1585 Words   |  7 PagesCambridge University, and Yale (Duckworth 31). With his excessive amount of education and impressive resume, it is nearly impossible to believe that he was once assigned to a school for children with learning disabilities. For several years, Kaufman resided in a school for the disabled, never questioning his intellectual capabilities until one of his special education teachers noticed his potential. Knowing there was someone who believed in him was enough motivation to change his thoughts from, â€Å"ThisRead MoreThe Upside Of Down Syndrome1756 Words   |  8 Pagesdisorder. Those born with Down syndrome tend to experience specific physical characteristics, cognitive impairments, mental and medical help problems. Down syndrome is extremely special to me because I grew up with an aunt who has this disorder. My aunt Lisa is beautiful, fu nny, outgoing, and smart. She lives and enjoys life as it is thrown to her. Some days are harder than others, but she is 62 years old and refuses to let her disability hinder her life. Down syndrome is not who she is, but somethingRead MoreThe Relationship Between Extracurricular Activities And Academic Performance Of Undergraduate Students At Karatina University8898 Words   |  36 Pages THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EXTRACURRICULAR ACTIVITIES AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS AT KARATINA UNIVERSITY BY MATHENGE ERIC KORI KUC/AST/1002/11 A research project submitted to the school of pure and applied sciences in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award of degree in Bachelor of Science applied statistics with computing at Karatina University July, 2015 DECLARATION Part A: Candidate. This research project is my original work and has not been presented forRead MoreUnderstanding Specific Needs- Health and Social Care Related Essay5310 Words   |  22 PagesUnderstanding Specific Needs- Assignment 1 This assignment on understanding specific needs will look into the perceptions that people have of health, disability, illness and behaviour in a health and social care context. It will also look into and explain how attitudes towards individuals with specific needs and perceptions of those needs change over time and differ between cultures. I will then analyse how legislation, society, culture and social policy interact to influence attitudes towardRead MoreThe Effects of Socio-Economic Status on Students Achievements in Biology13494 Words   |  54 Pagesand widen the socio economic gap between families. Johnson (1996) lamented that parents becomes poor due to these hard measures, such that they can no longer provide adequately for good education of their children. Also, they could not provide shelter, clothing and special need of their children in school such as provision of text books, school uniforms and good medical care and so on. High level of illiteracy, poverty and low socio economic status couple with high rate of paternal and maternal

Overpopulation and the Economi Essay Example For Students

Overpopulation and the Economi Essay Overpopulation and the Economi Essaycal Effects Introduction Currently there are more than 6 billion people living in the world and this number is expected to double in a short period of time. Many researchers and theorists feel that the world does not have a carrying capacity for this amount of people. The overpopulation of the world, brings a fear of overcrowding and an apprehension that the resource base will become to low, perhaps even non-existent. In 1900, the world population was 1.6 billion people. Compared to the 6.1 billion that it is today, that population is miniscule. The population is projected to reach 16.4, more than double todays population by the year 2060. Right now there are only about 30 million people in Canada, itself, whereas a country like China is home to 1.2 billion people. As it is seen, China has a very large proportion of the worlds population within its own boundaries and this has created many problems throughout the country. It is possible, that with the knowledge of the problem, with an education, infrastructure, and some sort of work skills this problem can be turned around. Developing Countries The developing countries, are the main concerns for overcrowding. 1996 statistics show that 75% of the worlds population live in both Africa (13%) and Asia (63%). The overpopulation in these continents, is so much higher for many different reasons. The main reason being culture. When comparing a continent like Africa, to a continent like North America, there are many different, noticeable, differences. An example of this being the fertility rate. In Africas particular culture, having many children equals high fertility rates and this, they believe, is a great blessing from God. Also, here women are not educated, as well as the developed countries, and there is no or very little knowledge of contraceptives. (John L.Seitz Global Issues, an Introduction. Pg. 14) The developing countries effect both the global and local economics. It effects the local economics, for simple reasons as, food shortages, housing, or education. Food shortages are also a major problem. Thomas Malthus, a theorist, believes that the worlds population doubles every 25 years, whereas the agriculture in one area takes much longer than this to grow back. Therefore, he believes, that as the population grows, there is a less means of subsistence being produced. Food shortages, could effect the economy a great deal, as disease and malnutrition would take place. (John L. Seitz. Global Issues, an Introduction. Pg. 31) Along with disease, there is the problem of sewage, in these overpopulated countries. The sewage could be means of garbage, or even of waste. The waste could cause a great deal of problems, such as disease, rats, contamination of water, and so on. This could also cause a great amount of death in the urban centers. (John L.Seitz. Global Issues, an Introduction. Pg.25) Another problem in the less developed countries is housing. As the population density is quite high in the third-world, there are many problems with housing. These problems are that the quantity and quality of housing for urban people, vary. The average density of a developed country lies between 3 600 and 7 200 people per km2, while the density in Calcutta is 160 000 people per km2. In general, 30% of the less developed countries population consists of squatters. Squatters are illegal occupiers of land, and they live in areas called squatter settlements. The squatters, hurt the economy as they are not paying for any type of housing at all. There are also occupying land that does not belong to themselves, which in not allowing people to use this land. Most of the time, this land could be used for much better sources, such as agriculture, new housing, factories, and even extending the urban centers limits. (Anne and Paul Erlich. The Population Explosion. Auntobiographical Incident - My Shahada Essay Pg. 36) In the less developed countries there is an unskilled labor force, leaving the country with a very little income, and this is where overpopulation becomes a problem. This creates some major obstacles of the provision for adequate housing. On account of the low incomes, there is usually only enough money for essentials and therefore are unable to afford better housing. The less developed countries face a lack of capital, .

A Home in Fiction Essay Example

A Home in Fiction Essay Example A Home in Fiction Essay A Home in Fiction Essay The Idea of Home Audience: Immediate audience were those listening to the Borer Lectures Lectures broadcast on the Abss Radio National on Sydney afternoons The audience is intelligent and well-informed audience with an interest in the areas of science, books, religion, social history, the arts and current affairs. Brooked lecture: those who are lovers of fiction and those who seek to be familiar with recent intellectual/ academic ideas. Purpose of lectures is to nurture the intellectual and cultural life of this country, and to be a vital element of the anthropometry Australian conversation Structure: Effective link to mathematician, ends with a reference of Henry James, reassuring the power words Context: Discovery of how words are power and the key to knowledge Literature was written a long time ago has influenced people in different ways throughout different periods of time The power of literature stood the test of time and still influenced generations after generations. Julia Gaillardia was Prime Minister D feminist, hence build female protagonist Personal context ; as her being a writer, relevant to audience on educations Purpose: To convey how mathematics is like poetry Explore the role of fiction writers in contributing to society Reflects her life in journalism and as a fiction writer, the role of facts in fiction The craft of the creative writing process Key Ideas: Examines the complexity of English words and all the hidden depths of meaning they can contain Fiction has its origins in fact and it has power and value on our society The power and value of fiction, power of knowledge to uncover realities An author, like a mathematician, is searching for truth, which is quest-like Like Atwood and Leasing, she talks about the power of engage as a vehicle for exploring social issues and timeless human concerns of equality. Universal idea of learning Significance of literature in answering the large questions of who we are and how we should live Blowing dust recurring theme, signifying hopelessness Hear voices from the past which she uses to give life to her writing, reveals history as a basis to fiction Learning (universal); the way we learn about the world around us Relationship between fact and fiction and its power to share ideas Techniques: Quote Technique Effect Shaft Of light Metaphor Reveals how from the lecture, Brooks is unexpectedly engaged, and the adapter reveals her stepping into an unknown world and seeing things differently, as new knowledge is obtained. Uprising open the heavy door, just a crack Anti-thesis Between negative expectation and her ignorance towards her renewed engagement with the topic of mathematics and finding new understanding resulting in a renewed purpose. This reveals the significance of knowledge in influencing the ideas of an individual, hence knowledge has power. L et us gather facts In order to have ideas Literary quote She uses a literary quote Let us gather facts In order to have ideas to illustrate how facts are the foundations of fiction. Materials that started assembling with from the time I became literate Throughout my career into journalism and into fiction Recurring motif of building She creates an image of struggle through the motif of building, but highlights the power gained from it. Reinforces Leggings view of educational knowledge is key to success but you must build your Way with words to obtain this knowledge. Knowledge is power and literary key to communication. Portrays literature as knowledge of the world, directly reflecting her career as a journalist, where she is constantly finding new information about the world. You come back the next day and you cannot bear to look at it Second Person Words are stones, and the book is a wall. Brooked uses the metaphor of building, which directly refers to having to choose the right stone to be able t build a wall, and conveys how literature directly reflects this as you require the appropriate words to create a novel. Through the use of second person, draws the audience into the experience of writing and on the journey of creation. This allows the audience to experience building a wall and the struggles of it in regards to the struggles of writing a novel. Often, the voices hat speak to me are the voices of the unheard. Enhances the idea of how narratives and fiction are captured through history and as a writer, Brooks has the power to communicate these ideas. Again, it refers to how words are power. She as a women, is getting a crook deal Colloquial Language Reinforcement of injustice, positioning the audience to reflect on the groups in society who are without power to share their experience. She is using her experiences to create fiction. l believe fiction matters. I know it has power. Brooks states that she knows this because people in power are afraid of fiction. Uses anecdotal style to create an image on her lack of interest on attending a mathematics lecture D leads to new perspective as she sees the speakers earnest desire to communicate their vision and their knowledge D universal Holistically: The speech links quite well with Margaret Tattoos speech, this speech talks about the diverse sources of inspiration that results in great fiction, and blurring the lines between non-fiction and fiction, in that they are actually not as different as we may initially think. For example, the characters in a fictional novel, particularly for one set in a particular context, s often based on a large amount of non-fictional historical research, personalities that the author has met/ known in real life coupled with a dose of imagination. Reveals how boring experiences of reporting statistics for the races can allow individuals to gather great insights into the craft of writing. The speech teaches us that everything is about perspective. When you transform your perspective of the potential significance of your experiences, regardless what stage of life you are at, you are ready to transform the world through your writings. Speech to the Israeli Knees -? Inward Sad President of Egypt 20 November 1977 Context: War between Egypt and Israel The statement to the Knees (the Israeli Parliament) is highly charged with the Context Of the events about Sadists life Hes on a mission to establish peace with Israel and achieve a recognition by each of others territorial boundaries Speech was success in that the agreement with Israel was reached and a treaty signed in 1 979, leading to his assassination two years later Speech was translated from Hebrew so it may well seem stilted, even somewhat awkward, to the ear of a native English speaker Audience/ Purpose: Aim to achieve world peace Draws on wider international appeal to move away from the enlarging focus of the Arab-Israeli conflict. Thus, appeals to the audience He focuses on the commonalities to unite them rather than focusing on regional and cultural differences Trying to break the divide between the Arab nations and Israeli Nation Inward Sad is a prophet of peace and beacon of knowledge. He presents himself as someone trustworthy to give an opinion on land issues by showing his neutrality ETHOS Sad doesnt speak as a humble beggar, or from a position of weakness or estimation but as an equal, an opponent to be reckoned with- As stressed by him warning his audience not to believe that certain things are negotiable; alerts his audience that he is promoting real change Narks shock value of taking initiative while we are still in the state of war is partly why his mission has such a diplomatic impact. He stresses that this is the real solution for lasting peace, rather than a temporary ceasefire. Peace must be based on justice and frank exchange Values: Belief that all humanity is entitled to a homeland 0 Religious belief (or uniting once) that you should fight for your land Seeking a commonality for peaceful resolution(as Ghanaian was seen as a symbol of peace) Peace is universal Value of equality He appeals to our basic human rights 0 humanity Value of life It appeals to human needs of love (care and compassion)from our filial relationships C Universal C Concern that was is destructive Justice is the foundation of peace Structure: Introduction: Beings speech by acknowledging God as the Gracious and Merciful and then Peace and Mercy of God Almighty be upon you and may peace be for us all, God Willing. Therefore positions himself as an equal who earaches for peace and is an utter subject to the will of God. Body: Arguments for purpose of the speech which is to convince the Knees that a peace based on mutual respect for each others sovereignty and boundaries is both possible and desirable. Towards the ending of the body, he uses Rhetoric very constantly as he uses the rhetoric technique of repetition to really convince and draw his audience to the idea of peace and happiness. Furthermore also repeating permanent peace based On justice for further emphasis to his ideas on peace. Conclusion: He ends the speech as he begins n terms of being an utter subject to Gods will. Techniques: peace and the mercy of God Almighty be upon you and may peace be for us all, God willing Religious allusions He uses religious allusions to introduce the context behind this speech, which is that, religion is one of the main factor of this speech families are still moaning under the cruel pains of widowhood and bereavement of sons, fathers and brothers Dramatic emphasis To identify and acknowledge the pain of war Persuades the audience to sympathies and act upon it innocent children and every child born on the land Imagery Refers to new life symbol of innocence, which Sad implies thats what he wants for the nation. A fresh start. why dont we repeat together from the Psalms of David and Why dont we believe the wisdom of God conveyed to us by the Proverbs of Solomon Anaphora of rhetorical question and religious allusion The religious allusion allows audience to remember the importance of peace which is a key element in their religious beliefs Holistically: As well as the sp eech still maintains its relevance as it still is able to relate to the continuing strained relations of Middle Eastern countries and their trudge for peace. This speech was a ground breaking speech in terms of transforming all agreements of political diplomacy, and should be considered and evaluated in light of the various two-sided conflicts that Israeli and Egypt has been involved with each other over the previous decades. Speech should be valued for its emphasis on achieving justice on fair terms as well as establishing a basis for international peace. Use of a circular structure, the speech starts with religious reference and concludes with a religious reference. Uses various repetition to reinforce the main thematic concerns of peace and justice. The abundant use of religious references is another attempt by Sad in a context where both countries were highly religious to unite individuals together and compel them to look over past prejudices and hatred. It is still winter at home William Deane, Governor General of the Commonwealth of Australia On the occasion of an ecumenical service for the victims of the cannoning tragedy 5th August 1 999 Deane as G of Australia- representing Australia at the memorial service in Switzerland (Interlayer) for the twenty-one victims of the cannoning accident, fourteen Of whom were Australian. Tragedy given media profile due to introversion circumstances surrounding the deaths- yet the speech only given 10-15 second bits on national Australian news. Person of Deane (ethos) brought dignity/ formality to occasion. Purpose: To commemorate the cannoning tragedy on July 99, where 21 (14 Australians) cannoning tourists were killed in a sudden flood Mourn victims of accident, therefore emotional speech C] appeals to pathos Uniting Nations Mainly the attended gathering- family, friends, officials. Tragedy is worsened by the fact that the people died overseas, away from their homeland Commemoration, unity, remembrance, loss, identity, loyalty, commonality, faith, sorrow, collective loss Structure: Clearly defined phases, a formal prepared speech from an experienced orator C] tight structure Opening phase establish purpose/ audience and Australian national significance Middle phase theme of unity developed- diplomacy between people and countries; what can be gained through loss and tragedy Closing phase- logical and religious Techniques: Great sadness to molar the deaths Emotive language Appeals to pathos, and presents the issue to be depressing and a tragedy. For us, the tragedy is somehow made worse Died so far away from homes, he families, the friends Inclusive emotive language It creates unity through the shared loss, creating empathy for those who are directly affected by the tragedy. It enhances a shared emotion of grief. Two thirds of those who died came from Australia Statistical reference It shows significance of loss for Australian people. It provides an increased awareness of the issue and further enhances the empathy shared by the community. Shock and sorrow Alliteration It imitates pain as ongoing, building sense of the ongoing sorrow experienced. Very emotional reminder of a tragic event.

Impact of terrorism on Italian economy

Impact of terrorism on Italian economy Introduction Background Information Terrorism has become a global phenomenon. This has been boosted by the hard economic times that have been witnessed in the world. Various studies have been conducted, and they indicate that terrorism has had on a number of developing countries. The same can be said about the US and UK. However, there is little literature on the impact terrorism has had on other developed countries especially in Europe. Italy is a developed country in southern Europe. The country has borne the blunt of terrorism in the last two decades.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Impact of terrorism on Italian economy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Thesis statement This paper seeks to find out the impact that terrorism has had on the economy of Italy, a developed country. Terrorism has had on the economy of Italy In the 17th century, Italy had been undergoing a recession and Spain had taken advantage of its weakness to rule most of Southern Italy. Towards the end of the 17th century, Spain had declined in terms of political and military power. The Italians in Southern Italy had tried to rebel in the 17th century. However, their rebellion had often been quelled. It was not until the beginning of the 18th century, particularly in 1713, when Spanish succession came to an end after they lost the war of Spanish Succession (1700-1713) to Austria which then took the part of Spain in dominating Southern Italy. In 1734, Spain would regain Naples from Austria. There was a lot of progress in the 18th century, and church powers were reduced. The Italian rulers also implemented major reforms in the country. In 1796, Napoleon successfully invaded Italy. The Napoleon conquered the Naples in the year 1798. However, Napoleon proceeded to win at Marengo. On the other hand, Piedmont was taken in as part of France. The Cisalpine Republic, was given a different name, the Italian Republic. When the Napoleon was defeated, the old regime was recaptured. This happened in 1815. Most of the old kingdoms were reinstated in the 19th century. However, Venice and Genoa remained without reinstatement. This era was marked by a high level of restlessness and discontent. Carbonari organized rebellion in Naples. In addition, there was another rebellion that was instigated by the same group in 1821. The rebellions were both unsuccessful as the Austrians were able to quell these rebellions. One Italian nationalist, Giuseppe Mazzini was a key figure who championed for a united Italy. After leading an unsuccessful rebellion in 1831, he had to flee to France and later to Britain but continued to agitate for Italian nationalism. The year 1848 was marked by a number of revolutions in Europe (Duggan, 2006). Palermo was the first, Naples and Venice followed soon and succeeded in restoring its status as a republic.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The Pope had been prevailed upon to rescue the Italians. Nevertheless, the Pope did not intend to fight the Austrians. Naples’ King staged a coup. He was supported by the Swiss mercenaries. Later on, the Pope was forced to flee his home after a coup that made Rome a republic albeit short lived since the French soon restored the Pope. Creating unity in Italy started in 1852. This is the time when Camillo Cavour was stated to be captured by the Prime Minister of Piedmont. Camillo joined the French and British people to fight Rusia in 1855. None of the countries wanted the unity of Italy. In 1860, a unified Italy was established. This happened when King Victor Emmanuel established a treaty with Garibaldi. The latter yielded to pressure and gave all his powers to the King. Italy had been on the same side with Germany and Japan. The three countries had all lost terribly to the allies. The reconstruction of Italy started in 1946. This was the year when Italy had a referendum to create a republic. Later, the elections for the assembly were held and soon the first president became Luigi Einaudi in 1948. Italy stood to benefit from the Marshall Aid from the USA (Ferraresi, 1996). The industries were soon flourishing, and the standards of living continued to increase. The growth continued until the late sixties when university students showed unrest. This was followed by labor unrest. This perhaps forms the first incidents of modern day terrorism in Italy. Failed university systems radicalized the students, and this was fuelled by the failure of the then governments to deliver to a section of the citizenry. The centre of these radical movements was the perception that communists had given upon the ideals on which communism was founded. The citizens were losing confidence in the Italian government to preserve these ideals. Some Italian students even saw the cooperation between their communi st leaders and Christian Democratic representatives as a sign of contempt for the working class. Further, there was easing of tensions between the west and the communists in the east. This led to the adoption of hybrid business philosophies that were both borrowed from the capitalists and communists. However, the capitalist policies were highly loathed by the working class as they saw this as the cause of the disparities that were emerging in the Italian societies. The western philosophies allowed companies to adopt the technology that was quickly replacing the workforce. These tensions between workers and their unions coupled with the disgruntled university students soon give birth to a number of leftist and terrorist organizations. The most notorious would emerge the Red Brigade. It is largely acknowledged as the most dominant and ruthless terrorist organizations the country had ever had.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Impact of terrorism on Ita lian economy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The Red Brigade was formed in 1970 by a group of university students. It had emerged from the late 1960s’ protests by workers and students where they had joined workers in demonstrating against the right wing political leaders. They initially operated in the major cities within Italy such as Milan and Turin. They would target factories which were viewed as the breeding grounds for social disparities (Willan, 1991). Its leaders advocated for the formation of a revolutionary state by use of armed struggle so as to separate the Italian government and the western elements. As a result of the group’s hatred for the manner in which union leaders were treating workers coupled with the refusal by the government to solve salient social and economic issues, many of the early ideological targets of the group’s leadership involved attacking the establishment which included trade Unionist s, politicians, and business owners. In 1971, the group enthusiasm led to a change in the change of internal terrorism procedures from a tactical point of view to a more strategic approach. Members had previously participated in the destruction of vehicles belonging to union officials and factory equipment. The new strategy involved broader attacks on buildings and offices. They later started engaging in human targeting when during the year 1972, the group claimed responsibility for the kidnapping of a foreman. The group was fast becoming the most stubborn terrorist group in Italy. The organization was fast growing, and it soon established an organizational command similar to that of a military force. It had the executive committee, which was the headquarters as it was in charge of ensuring the smooth running of the organization’s activities. The field unit structure composed of sections the urban regions. This was aimed at breaking down the command unit along the regional bo undaries. The Italian government was unable to stop the organization, which boosted its growth. Notably, many believed that the Italian government was on its way to collapse. The incident finally puts this organization on the focus of the country. After the abduction of the Prime Minister, the group had sought for 55 days to dialogue with the government to release sixteen of its members. Unfortunately, the government and the Christian Democrats did not yield.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More After the death of the then Prime Minister, the government engaged in a war to capture the leaders and silence the organization. The group ceased to exist in the early 80s. In the early 1980s, Italy experienced a recession. This is an aspect that affected other countries in the world too. However, the recession did not last long as it came to an end in 1983 which continued to the end of the Cold War. In 1984, a new terrorist organization emerged. The new group did not use kidnapping though it continued with assassinations and terrorist bombs. The new red brigade movement survived even after the Cold War (Carbone, 2011). However, the group was not very active, but they continued to carry out attacks against government figures. The movement later extended its opposition to the Italian policy on foreign relations. In this case, there was a believe that the government of Italy was being manipulated by the western powers. After the 9/11 terror attacks, the group commended the attackers, an act that would increase the focus the Americans had on the group. BR/Pcc, in 1999, attacked and some people in the group slew an officer who worked in the ministry of labor. The Institute for International Affairs in Rome was bombed by the BR/Pcc in the year 2001. Fortunately, there were no deaths reported in that bomb attack. With the rise and growth of the terror group reminiscent the earlier Red Army Brigade, the Italian government embarked on an exercise to eliminate the group. The new strategies used by the government included extensive use of the media, and an increase in the source payments. This new tact enabled the government to separate the extremists from the general public and for the police authorities to infiltrate the terror group easily. The police could identify members of the terror group, map the networks, and then establish measures to prevent future attacks. This was by arresting all known members and sympathizers of the group. These efforts began to pay as s oon as the government arrested various members of the group. In addition, other individuals who were in the former movement and had been implicated in the assassination of Prime Minister Aldo Moro were arrested too. These groups rose to the top of the terrorists’ food chain in Italy. From sabotaging economic activities and causing political anxiety, these groups continued to be a hindrance to the growth of the Italian economy. The fact that these terror groups targeted factories and offices essentially mean that any success in their activities meant there would be a breakdown in the economic growth of the economy. However, even as the country was able to finish these terror groups, a new form of terror had emerged. With the increase of these activities, the economy has suffered immensely. Firstly, terrorism has an effect on GDP per capita growth. This is especially the case where the rate of terrorism is great. It also means that the capital formation to GDP is affected by a rise in the rate of terror activities. Terrorism affects the performance of an economy. It has been found that terror activities will most likely happen in a democratic country that enjoys high income. Italy is such a country, and this explains the rise in terror activities from international terrorists. Countries with developed institutions will even suffer severe consequences from a terror attack. Political instability is also a huge negative in the economic situation within a country. Terror attacks will likely lead to political instability. Take the example of Italy after the assassination of the then Prime Minister. The incident caused instability in the country’s political arena and economic growth stopped as investors did not know what to expect in the future. It is important to note that modern day Italian economy is very much reliant on tourism, education, and banking. For the tourism industry, terror completely eclipses any tourism activities in a country. Further t o the economic misfortunes that bedevil, Italy, the country joined the European Union in 1999. That decision seems to have been disastrous as that has led to unimaginable levels of unemployment (Bindi, Scuola superiore Della pubblica amministrazione (Italy), Brookings Institution 2011). The country’s northern region remains very industrialized while the south drags on with poverty. Italy has a current population of 61 million people. Conclusion Summarize/Review key points As Italy faces the Euro crisis, most analysts are skeptical about what the future portends for the country. The Euro crisis is one of several other crises that are likely to face Italy if the companies in Italy refuse to act together. As discussed earlier, Italy faces a major problem in that the south and the northern regions continue to operate in very different economic environments. While the north has innovative and robust companies that continue to grow and employ more Italians, the south has smaller g overnment and family companies which operate in a domestic market that is not competitive. Production in this region continues to go down over the years. A balance of the two economies essentially means Italy is undergoing no growth as it moves into the future. As such, Italy’s future is bleak. Concluding thought Compared to Germany, the Italian economy has fallen behind by thirty percent. The industrial production in Italy continues to go down- 25 per cent since the start of the 2008 recession. However, given the change in the political leadership it remains to be seen what the future of Italy is going to be. Therefore, the leaders should improve all the sectors of the country. References Bindi, F. M., Scuola superiore della pubblica amministrazione (Italy), Brookings Institution. (2011). Italy and the European Union. Rome: Scuola Superiore della Pubblica Amministrazione (SSPA). Carbone, M. (2011). Italy in the post-Cold War order: Adaptation, bipartisanship, visibility. La nham, Md: Lexington Books. Duggan, C. (2006). A concise history of Italy. Cambridge [England: Cambridge University Press. Ferraresi, F. (1996). Threats to democracy: The radical right in Italy after the war. Princeton, N.J: Princeton University Press. Willan, P. (1991). Puppetmasters: The political use of terrorism in Italy. San Jose: Authors Choice Press.

Crime control Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Crime control - Essay Example Whenever such a crime takes place, first there is a process of justification for the action that was allegedly conducted. After that all the possibilities are analyzed that is related to particular crime. Therefore, the person is under a trial. Honesty is of the most important purpose of all the trials. (Pollock, 2007) If there will be no honesty then there will be no one who will get justice. All the judges have to be honest to give justice to everyone. All the witnesses have to be honest. Therefore honesty and justice goes together. Today justice occupies the part of morality that is identified with the good or someone getting justice. Without honesty there will be injustice, evil and wrongness everywhere. Today the current legal system works justice is usually equated with honesty. An honest justice system would give that justice to everyone. (Pollock, 2007) This paper will also discuss about the ethical consideration that are affecting the criminal justice system in many different ways. It explain in great detail about how these ethical issues are affecting our criminal justice system, complainants, the accused, the criminals, the complainants and the law enforcers . This paper also explains the due process model. The main purpose of the due process is to protect the rights of the accused and it provides a system of safeguard that will help in combating the abuse within the law enforcers and the crime control model which promotes the reduction and elimination of crimes by the agents of law and the police. (Close, & Meier, 2004) When it comes to understanding the Criminal Justice System there is a question that everyone asks about, does honesty always help to get justice Justice is defined as a system of law or scheme law in which every person gets his or her due from this system, including natural and legal rights, while honesty is very important in telling the truth or freedom from fraud or deceit. Whenever there is crime committed around the world, with a possibility that it may be even every hour however, but not all of criminals who commit these crimes end up in jail for many different reasons. The first reason is that the criminals are not caught by the concerned authorities and even if they are caught by the police, they use top lawyers who will provide legal justification for the crime committed by a particular criminal. (Close, & Meier, 2004)But if the rationale for justice is ignored then the freedom from deceit will not necessarily lead to justice. Sometimes after detection of a certain crime, Jus tice and punishment are the most vital areas in international Justice and crime. If a common man is a victim of kidnapping, robbery, domestic violence, murder and any street abuse then the victims seek the guidance and assistance FBI and police personnel for bringing justice by implementing different legal actions and criminal procedures. Every country of the world has its own law or state law of policemen who possess authority and every right on the citizens of that country who are caught red-handed with solid evidence at the time of commitment of crime. (Poulin, & Nemeth, 2004)

Personal Effectiveness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Personal Effectiveness - Essay Example There are hundreds of skills that you developed over time, but it is even more challenging to combine which tasks you are good at and which ones you enjoy the most. The reconciliation of both will determine your strengths. I am trying to identify my weaknesses and strengths all the time in order to make the most of my career opportunities. Besides, I realize that it is easier to focus and develop your strengths than trying to eliminate weaknesses. Every time I try to engage into a new activity, I am always naturally worried that I won't have the necessary skills for a new activity or responsibility. However, after I sat down and gave a thought about the type of role that I would like to fulfill, it became easier for me to look at the skills that I already have in abundance that will be suitable for that or another activity, responsibility. I have made a whole list of the things that I am excellent or good at, then a list of things that I am not good at or do not enjoy doing them. The list of strengths and skills helps me to identify what else I can work on and I have also developed an excel matrix and time schedule of things that I would like to work on and monitor my performance. ... I have developed a matrix in Excel, which will help me to structure my developments over time and keep on track my progress. COMMUNICATION Communication is an essential part of any activity, whether it involves working with other colleagues or with customers or clients, communicating with professors, negotiating with peers, etc. It is also one of the most easily identifiable transferable skills. After I have looked on how I communicate within my existing role, it's easy to see that I need to work on a more professional style of communication that will suit work environment better. WORKING IN A TEAM Teamwork is another easily identifiable skill. Being able to work with others is an asset in any role. During the last year I have been working 5 times in a team. In two case I have been leading the team of 6 people during the business game and during one we won the first prize, which is an example of a successful team player. However, my team role tends to have a slight hint of dictatorship, which I will work on and will try to develop more collaborative approach to team negotiation ship. In my opinion, being able to choose the role within a team is an excellent asset, as in a now day's society almost in every job I will have to work in a team and it is essential to be not only leading but also submissive. Level 4 Level 3 Level 2 Level 1 - Identifies strengths & development areas for members improvement - Provides development and training opportunities to others to improve performance - Gives subordinates advice and coaching to improve their technical skills - Gives honest and constructive feedback to team members to aid their development - Designs and delivers skills training in a variety of areas - Provides constructive feedback

Memento analysis Essay Example for Free

Memento analysis Essay The movie that is going to be discussed is â€Å"Memento†. The theme of the movie is based on cognitive psychology that includes the realm of human perception, thought process and memory. Various cognitive responses such as memory, planning, as well as intelligence and problem solving are highlighted during the course of the movie. The central character in the movie, Leonard Shelby, damages his hippocampus, which subsequently affects his ability to make new memories. The hippocampus is a part of the brain that is important and responsible for creating and recalling memories, as a result of which Leonard has lost the ability to generate short-term memory. Leonard, in the movie is an insurance agent who through the course of the movie attempts to track his wife’s killer and the man responsible for his current state. Leonard’s condition post accident and the death of his wife, can draw parallels with anterograde amnesia, because he doesn’t seem to remember new things, however he retains memories leading up to the accident. The movie Memento continues Hollywood’s fascination with the psyche of the human mind and the genesis of movies based on amnesia is a recurring theme. While the movie does reasonably well in bringing to light the plight of people suffering from anterograde amnesia and similar neurological disorders following brain trauma, it does offer enough loopholes to guarantee criticism from experts. Leonard believes that he does not have amnesia. This is a slight aberration from the true picture of a patient with anterograde amnesia because they do not seem to lose track of who they are and the condition they are suffering from. It can be argued that some patients with a more seething disease do offer a mixed profile, into which Leonard’s character can fit. Also, another aspect of cognition is the evidence, that Leonard is still capable of using his procedural memory that includes doing routine things and following certain procedures like driving a car. His declarative memory on the other hand is functional up to the point of his accident. Declarative/explicit memory is essentially conscious memory, while procedural memory is more of a subconscious or unconscious action that can be done. Additionally, with the hippocampus part of his brain being destroyed, Leonard is incapable of moving things from his short term memory to his long term memory, and thus forgets things if not written down or taken note of. Short-term memory lasts or stores items for less than 20 seconds, unless rehearsed. Thus, in order for him to remember things, and have enough time to write them down, he rehearses them, which allows him to remember them for a longer period of time, and if interrupted that memory is lost. This was portrayed very well in the movie when he hits Natalie. Natalie throws all of the writing utensils out and then hassles Leonard about his wife and his condition trying to get a reaction so she could in essence set Leonard up, and this she did accomplish. After hitting Natalie, she leaves the house and Leonard rehearses what has just happened while looking for a writing utensil, however there are none to be found. Further, Natalie did not go anywhere when she left the house, she stays in the car and hence, when she slammed the door, purposely, Leonard stopped the rehearsal, and essentially forgot what he was doing, when she comes back into the house, Leonard has no recollection of hitting her. Thus, although his hand is sore, Leonard does not remember anything that had just occurred, this is due to a stop in rehearsal, and with nothing written for him, he cannot remember what has occurred recently. Leonard is always prepared with something to write on, he always has his camera and his pictures that allow him to remember things; in essence he keeps generating a working memory through out the course of the movie to catch the killer. Thus, planning is somewhat prevalent in this movie however, although planning requires knowledge about the problem space, or understanding of the constraints of the problem space to mentally construct it well, this is not always available to him. Thus, he is unable to use partial planning, because he did not always think of the outcome that might occur, such as when he killed Natalies boyfriend, and realized he was not the one responsible after he had done it, instead of thinking ahead, before he had done it. However, with his pictures he was able to get back to particular destinations, and with direction, even if simple, but written down, he was able to use them and plan ahead. Further, in relation to the murder of Natalies boyfriend, counterfactuals were also used, and Leonard is trying to imagine past events differently than they actually did and thus, he burnt the picture that he took of the event because that was the only recollection that he had of the situation. Furthermore, drives, emotions, and problem solving are all clearly used in this movie as well. Drives, are generally associated with bodily needs whereas emotions are generally associated with more complex personal and social needs, in this case finding the individual who caused Leonard so much pain by raping and murdering his wife, and damaging his memory is very important. In addition, heuristics were also commonly utilized and, heuristics undoubtedly allow individuals to avoid searching paths that are unlikely to lead to a solution, and this is exactly what Leonard is doing with all the facts he was collecting to narrow down the suspect to find out who raped and murdered his wife. Basically, by slowly collecting and putting together different facts about the rapist and murder of his wife, Leonard was emotionally driven to find the individual responsible for essentially ruining his life. His emotions and feelings of anger, sadness, and love were all affected by his motivation and drives from the pain that was within him due to his present circumstance. In the movie, many of the cognitive aspects were relevantly presented and shown in a realistic manner however, at times in the movie, things that were not rehearsed or written were remembered, which at times did not allow for it to be fully realistic. This was evident when Dodd was involved, and in the closet and Leonard woke up, and saw that there was a gun in the drawer of the hotel room and it was not his room or his gun, and so when Teddy got there he showed him the gun in the drawer, which probably would not have been remembered realistically. Thus, to improve, and make this aspect of his condition more realistic, not only at this point in the movie, but throughout the movie would have been for Leonard to actually rehearse things out loud, until he had written things down to clearly show that rehearsal is necessary for things not to be forgotten. 1: Cipolotti L, Bird CM. Amnesia and the hippocampus. Curr Opin Neurol. 2006 Dec;19(6):593-8. Review. 2: Mayes AR, Isaac CL, Holdstock JS, Cariga P, Gummer A, Roberts N. Long-term amnesia: a review and detailed illustrative case study. Cortex.2003 Sep-Dec;39(4-5):567-603. Review. 3: Kopelman MD. Disorders of memory. Brain. 2002 Oct;125(Pt 10):2152-90. Review. 4: Aggleton JP, Brown MW. Episodic memory, amnesia, and the hippocampal-anterior thalamic axis. Behav Brain Sci. 1999 Jun;22(3):425-44; discussion 444-89. Review. 5: Mishkin M, Vargha-Khadem F, Gadian DG. Amnesia and the organization of the hippocampal system. Hippocampus. 1998;8(3):212-6. Review. 6: Tulving E, Markowitsch HJ. Episodic and declarative memory: role of the hippocampus. Hippocampus. 1998;8(3):198-204. Review.

Terry Kays To Dance With the White Dog :: To Dance With the White Dog

The Power of Love in Terry Kay's To Dance With the White Dog Terry Kay said there was a grand romance of life between his parents. (179). Kay captures his parent’s undying love and celebrates his family in his novel To Dance With the White Dog. Kay believes that his parent’s love still carried on, even after their death. Sam and Cora Peek’s love is portrayed through the white dog that Sam saw licking up grease on his back porch. Strangely, the white dog looked just like a dog that Sam and his wife had when they first were married. Another factor that makes the occurrence of the white dog even stranger is that it did not show up at Sam’s house until after Cora died. Kay said that his parents had an undying love; he uses his novel to express his parent’s love. Kay also notes that true love does not recognize the concept of time and can possibly carry on lasting for eternity. Whenever Sam Peek needed anyone, the white dog was there for him. The White dog would only show herself when she felt necessary. One night Sam Peek’s hip was bothering him very bad. Sam got out of his chair to get a pain pill but hit the floor soon after. The white dog strangely opened the door and was running around the yard. Kate, one of Sam’s daughters, saw the white dog. The white dog was trying to protect Sam and was only there for him in times of crisis. The white dog was possibly Cora’s undying love extending from heaven. Cora wanted to be there for Sam regardless of the boundaries and she was able to through the white dog. Later on in the book, Sam died from cancer. Sam’s youngest child, James, went to his parent’s grave. â€Å"James walked into the plot, between the grave mounds of his mother and father, and he knelt. Then he saw them: across the chest of sand on the grave of Robert Samuel Peek, he saw the paw prints, prints so light they could have been made by air.† (178). Cora did not have to worry about Sam since he was finally with her in heaven. So as soon as Sam died, the white dog disappeared. Terry Kay believed that there was an undying love between his parents. That was evident in the short time the white dog was with Sam.